Saturday, May 7, 2016

Megatrends ... Corporate Futurists Beware ... Moves in the Field ... and more


Vol. 2, No. 7 | May 2016 | AAIForesight

News for the Foresight Community

> Hot Topic: Megatrends and Future Research
> Futurism in the News: Forbes on Corporate Futurists
> Moves in the Field: Millennium Project, Future Today Institute
> Publication: The Third Wave, Steve Case
> Forecast of the Month: Bill Nye, on Recycling
> Call for Papers: Education 2030 and Beyond
> Mack Report: Arctic Amplification


Hot Topic: Megatrends and Future Research


In case you missed it, OECD released its 2016 report on megatrends earlier this year, titled An OECD Horizon Scan of Megatrends and Technology Trends in the Context of Future Research Policy. The analysis and conclusions should bring no surprises to futurists—the top two megatrends continue to be population (uneven patterns in growth, migration, and aging) and resources (the impacts of climate change on water, energy, and food shortages).

The report focuses three of its five megatrends on clusters of trends within the global economy: the changing geo-economic and geopolitical landscape, digitalization as a change driver in economies and in the way we work, and growing gaps in wealth, health, and knowledge contributing to global divisions.

OECD also analyzes the technologies that promise (or threaten) to have major impacts over the remainder of the 21st century, including the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, neurotechnologies, nanomaterials, additive manufacturing (i.e., 3-D printing), and advanced energy storage technologies.

A relative newcomer to the list of impactful technologies is blockchain, the database technology that made bitcoin possible. As with all technological developments, negative outcomes are a possibility. With blockchain, OECD warns,The pseudo-anonymity of transactions raises several concerns around the technology’s potential exploitation for illegal activities, ... including money laundering and transfer of value for illegal goods.”

The final section of the report focuses on how research on such trends can be improved to advance policy making. OECD calls for more open access to scientific research (especially that which is supported by taxpayers) as well as “blue-skies” research that is open-ended. Citizen science and silo-breaking multidisciplinary research are also trends that merit direction and support.

This will require new skills, the report notes: “The more open nature of science and the closer links science is building with industry will require researchers to reinforce their ‘soft’ skills, including in project management, team-working, and business and intellectual property awareness.”


Signals: megatrends, policy, population, resources, technology


Futurism in the News: Forbes on Corporate Futurists


image: geralt / Pixabay

So you got that great job leading the foresight efforts of a major corporation. Congratulations—but don't get comfortable, Forbes warns in a post provocatively titled Why Companies Need Corporate Futurists But Will Fire Them Anywayby contributing writer Stephen Wunker.

Consumer-oriented businesses such as Procter & Gamble, Ford, and Intel have led the way in using corporate anthropologists, ethnolographers, and now futurists to better understand the long-term social, economic, and technological trends influencing their customers' choices, Wunker writes. But today, startups can move from insight to strategy far more nimbly than siloized corporations, putting competitive pressure on futurists to produce actionable results quickly. If they don't, out they go.

Wunker offers tips to help corporate futurists keep their jobs: Become multilingual in the company's languages so you communicate effectively among the various teams of marketers, strategists, and developers. Create a framework that everyone can understand, such as “jobs to be done.” And put your trend insights into the context of opportunities that are already relevant to the company.

The futurists that do the best job of preparing their companies for what’s coming,” Wunker writes, “will be those that map their insights to contexts, occasions and customer types that are already on the company’s radar.”

Read: WhyCompanies Need Corporate Futurists But Will Fire Them Anyway” by Stephen Wunker, Forbes, CMO Network (posted April 12, 2016).

Image credit: geralt/ Pixabay

Signals: corporations, futurists


Moves in the Field: The Millennium Project, Future Today Institute


* The Millennium Project has added two new nodes—Armenia and Tunisia—to its global network of futurists. The Armenian node chair is Dr. Artak Barseghyan of the Engineering Academy of Armenia and the Tunisian node chair is Prof. Jelel Ezzine, president of the Tunisian Association for the Advancement of Science, Technology and Innovation. Details: The Millennium Project 


* Futurist Amy Webb has relaunched her consulting firm Webbmedia Group as the Future Today Institute. “We answer 'What’s the future of X?' for a global client base using our data-driven, six-part forecasting methodology,” Webb writes. “Our promise is to inspire smart people to imagine what’s next and to help them make better, more informed decisions, ensuring the vitality of an organization in the face of disruption.” Details: Future TodayInstitute 


Publication: The Third Wave, Steve Case


Subtitled An Entrepreneur's Vision of the Future, AOL co-founder Steve Case's new book is both an homage to pioneering futurist Alvin Toffler and an outline of where the Internet is taking us next. For Case, the creation of the Internet was first wave and the development of social media was the second; the third wave is the seamlessness of interconnectivity that enables such transformative phenomena as the gig economy, where more workers are independent contractors rather than employees. See TheThird Wave: An Entrepreneur’s Vision of the Future by Steve Case, Simon & Schuster (April 2016).

Forecast of the Month: Bill Nye on Recycling


When Business Insider asked Bill Nye why recycling matters, the "science guy" and author of Unstoppable responded that resources once wasted will become valuable in the future. "I predict someday people will be mining landfills," he said. See: "We Asked Bill Nye if RecyclingMatters," Business Insider (posted March 12, 2016).




Call for Papers: Education 2030 and Beyond


The European Journal of Futures Research seeks papers addressing ways to transform education to "prepare students for a future marked by complexity, uncertainty and volatility." The editors request articles that use concrete examples of innovative solutions for curriculum development, integration of future competencies, and understanding of the impacts of social and technological trends. Deadline for abstracts is June 15. Details: European Journal of Futures Research  or contact editor@ejfr.eu.


Mack Report: Arctic Amplification


image: Noel Bauza / Pixabay
In his recent article for the Futures Centre's Forum for the Future, AAI Foresight managing principal Timothy C. Mack reflects on the complexities of the positive and negative feedback systems at work on the Earth's polar regions and the impacts of—and on—human systems and activities.

Countries adjacent to the Arctic region have been especially energized by the opportunities offered by Arctic transformation,” Mack writes, “including access to new resources and previously inaccessible territories through dramatically reduced summer blockage of potential shipping lanes has given a 21st Century ‘gold-rush’ feeling to the region. While the shipping industry is a clear beneficiary from the decline of summer ice, the thawing of permafrost is quite likely to make many Arctic lands a sea of impassable mud.”

Read: What does Arctic amplification mean for the planet?” by Timothy Mack, Forum for the Future (posted March 28, 2016).

Image credit: Noel Bauza / Pixabay

Signals: Arctic, Antarctica, climate change


__________

Send us your signals! News about your work and other tips are welcome, as is feedback on Foresight Signals. Contact Cynthia G. Wagner, consulting editor.

Want more signals from AAI Foresight? Check out the blog! Log in to add comments.

Feel free to share Foresight Signals with your networks and to submit any stories, tips, or “signals” of trends emerging on the horizon that we can share with other stakeholders and the foresight community.

__________

© 2016 AAI Foresight

Foresight Signals is a publication of AAI Foresight

1619 Main Street, #1172
Freeland, WA 98249

Managing Principal: Timothy C. Mack
tcmack333@gmail.com | 202-431-1652

Webmaster and IT Consultant: Tom Warner

Consulting Editor: Cynthia G. Wagner

Designer: Lisa Mathias


Saturday, April 9, 2016

Secretary of the Future ... $100 Trillion Toilet Paper ... and more

Vol. 2, No. 6 | April 13, 2016 | AAI Foresight


News for the Foresight Community

> Hot Topic: Secretary of the Future?
> Relaunches: World Future Society, Communities of the Future
> Blog Report: $100 Trillion Toilet Paper
> Mack Report: More Services, Fewer Jobs?


Hot Topic: Secretary of the Future?


Recently on American Public Media’s Marketplace, David Brancaccio and Katie Long picked up on the late Kurt Vonnegut’s what-if scenario of a cabinet-level futurist. Vonnegut had fretted, “I'll tell you ... one thing that no Cabinet has ever had is a Secretary of the Future, and there are no plans at all for my grandchildren and my great grandchildren.”

Image: Alle / Flickr

The idea, Brancaccio and Long infer, is “to help politicians think harder about how today’s actions might play out in 10, 20, 50 years.” This is a well-established activity in many corporations, such as Intel, where former futurist-in-residence Brian David Johnson’s role included presenting to the decision makers “a future that really wasn’t quite rosy because the company needed to be prepared for that.”

Taking issue with such a proposal is Reason magazine’s science columnist (with solid futurist credentials of his own), Ronald Bailey: “My quick answer,” he writes, “It's a really stupid idea. Human beings are terrible at foresight, and it would be especially terrible to try [to] marry our purblind premonitions to government power.”

Bailey provides an overview of the U.S. government’s predictive failures since the 1970s, suggesting that, unlike businesses, government forecasters bear no real consequences for getting things wrong: “But if a private company gets its forecasts wrong, the worst that happens is that it goes out of business and is replaced by competitors who made the right calls. Markets are superb at marshaling vast quantities of information, and they amply reward foresight and good guesses,” Bailey writes. “The problem with government planning is government power.”

Returning to the idea of a Secretary of the Future, however, let’s look at another possibility: that foresight in government would not be about power or prediction, but about ongoing cross-agency and cross-sector discussions of possible futures and their consequences. This was the basis for such foresight-oriented government entities as the Congressional Office of Technology Assessment, the Congressional Clearinghouse on the Future, and then-Senator Al Gore Jr.’s 1990 proposal for a White House-based office to study critical trends. (“The Critical Trends Assessment Act: Futurizing the United States Government,” The Futurist, March-April 1990.)

Former Gore adviser Leon Fuerth outlined such a scenario of ongoing futures discussions in a 2013 article for The Futurist. Fuerth and co-author Evan Faber described ways for government workers below the cabinet level and across agencies to confer and inform each other on emerging trends and their potential consequences—thus fulfilling the goal of  helping “politicians think harder about how today’s actions might play out in 10, 20, 50 years.”

Comment: Shortly after his inauguration, President George W. Bush spoke at a trade association dinner I attended. During the meet-and-greet, I was able to blurt out a challenge to the new president: “We’d like to see more foresight in government!” He responded, without irony: “So would I. It would be a miracle.” —CGW

Sources:  David Brancaccio and Katie Long, “What  If We Had a Secretary of the Future?” Marketplace, posted March 1, 2016. Ronald Bailey, “A U.S. Department of the Future Is a Really Bad Idea,” Reason, posted March 18, 2016.

Reference: Leon Fuerth and Evan Faber, “Anticipatory Governance: Winning the Future,” The Futurist, July-August 2013. PDF available on request.

Image: Alle/Flickr (Creative Commons).

Signals: foresight, futurists, government


Relaunches: World Future Society, Communities of the Future


Two venerable futures organizations have recently relaunched themselves, with new missions and new websites:

* World Future Society, http://www.wfs.org, founded in 1966 by Edward Cornish, invites futurists to “Be a part of our ambitious and exciting plans as we build a community of future-focused leaders who connect across the globe and explore areas of shared interest.” The Society's annual conference this year, themed “A Brighter Future IS Possible,” will serve as a 50th anniversary summit on the organization's future. (Signal courtesy of Jerome C. Glenn.)


* Communities of the Future, http://communitiesofthefuture.org/, founded in 1989 by Rick Smyre, unites futurists at the local level to share visions and resources to actively manage the multifaced changes affecting their communities. As Smyre steps away from being the central driver of COTF's activities, he invites friends and colleagues to participate in building COTF 2.0. (Signal courtesy of Peter Bishop.)



Blog Report: $100 Trillion Toilet Paper


In January 2009, Zimbabwe issued its largest-denomination bank note, a one-hundred-trillion-dollar bill. Soon after, it was not enough to buy a single square of bathroom tissue.

The hyperinflation Zimbabwe was experiencing is an example of a wild card—a low probability, high impact event or condition. Unfortunately, writes environmental futurist David N. Bengston, traditional planning typically focuses on continuous change rather than on potentially life-altering events. In the case of Zimbabwe's hyperinflation, life savings were wiped out, real assets were hoarded, and foreign investment evaporated.

“On the plus side,” Bengston notes, “hyperinflation is good for people who are in debt because they can pay it off with worthless cash. But a complete breakdown of the economy is a steep price to pay for clearing your debt!”

Read: “The Strange Case of the Hundred Trillion Dollar Toilet Paper” by David N. Bengston, Foresight Signals Blog, posted April 1, 2016.

Signals: economics, inflation, wild cards, Zimbabwe



More Services, Fewer Jobs? AI and Automation's Impacts

By Timothy C. Mack

Research and development in artifical intelligence and automation may focus on solving human problems or on developing machine learning; both focuses have potential impacts on creating or eliminating jobs.

On issues of agency, the researchers ask what problems need to be solved and how can AI or robotics solve them. For example, in the delivery of health services, how do you reach remote locations where costs are too high for the lowest income populations? Perhaps digital response and assessment can save lives where human doctors are not available or practical. Similarly, in elementary school settings with insufficient availability of human teachers, could a responsive program serve to tutor struggling students in a personalized way? In these examples, the digital agency is shaped so that the AI function is specific-task oriented.

The other side of this coin is the focus on machine learning, such as by the Google DeepMind project. Its most recent deep learning approaches are self-structured—that is, they are not preprogrammed. The 2015 Deep Q project let a reinforcement-learning program teach itself how to play older Atari video games, with the result that it not only learned very quickly but it surpassed the game creators in developing unique strategies. In this setting, the agency was intentionally independent and somewhat unbounded (except for the focus on video games).  Accordingly, the focus is expansion of AI learning capability (general intelligence).

So the question becomes how these two paths will affect the course of work worldwide in the future. And the clear answer is the old saw, “It’s complicated.” This means that outcomes will be shaped by the dialogues between these viewpoints: targeted problem solving and general capacity building. The spread between these viewpoints is driven not so much by Luddite fears of job replacement by the grandchild of automation in some form of thinking versus acting, but instead by more elemental fears of species replacement with AI as the next and better generation (whether it be augmented humans or digital avatars). It is very likely that both concerns about unbounded AI independence and the drive for efficiency and effectiveness will produce a mix of outcomes as we move forward.

Not only will AI continue to replace humans in many areas, but we will also see digital agents of all sorts assisting humans in areas such as law, medicine, journalism, and so on to improve outcomes. Medical services to groups and regions not served before, reductions in traffic fatalities from assisted-driving software, and better legal representation in an always high-stress field are among many examples ahead.

How we'll manage the cultural and policy impacts is more a political and social question than a technical one, but the policy issues are making themselves felt through the AI R&D world as well. The result, as it plays out, will be fascinating.

Timothy C. Mack is managing principal of AAI Foresight Inc.

Signals: AI, artificial intelligence, automation, education, jobs, work


__________

Send us your signals! News about your work and other tips are welcome, as is feedback on Foresight Signals. Contact Cynthia G. Wagner, consulting editor.

Want more signals from AAI Foresight? Check out the blog! Log in to add comments.

Feel free to share Foresight Signals with your networks and to submit any stories, tips, or “signals” of trends emerging on the horizon that we can share with other stakeholders and the foresight community.

__________

© 2016 AAI Foresight

Foresight Signals is a publication of AAI Foresight

1619 Main Street, #1172
Freeland, WA 98249

Managing Principal: Timothy C. Mack
tcmack333@gmail.com | 202-431-1652

Webmaster and IT Consultant: Tom Warner

Consulting Editor: Cynthia G. Wagner

Designer: Lisa Mathias


Saturday, March 5, 2016

Foresight Signals: Top Think Tanks ... Millennials' View of the Future ... and more


News for the Foresight Community

> Hot Topic: Top Think Tanks
> Findings: How Youth View the Future
> Analysis: Preparing Tomorrow’s Workforce
> Revival: h+ Magazine
> In Memoriam: Richard Spady

Hot Topic: Top Think Tanks


The latest edition of the Global Go To Think Tank Index compiled by James G. McGann, senior lecturer in international studies and director of the Think Tanks and Civil Societies Program at the University of Pennsylvania, outlines many of the pressures challenging the leading producers of policy analysis, including growing competition for attention (as well as for funding).

It is no surprise to consumers of such analysis who are already drowning in information overload that fewer long-form reports and white papers are being downloaded, let alone read or acted upon. Research reports in the form of PDF documents are disappearing just as their print counterparts have, McGann says, and even the World Bank confessed recently “that nearly one-third of their PDF reports had never been downloaded.”

Twitter, Instagram, TED talks, and Snapchat might not be the ideal methods to effect change, but social media outlets—today's and those of tomorrow—offer examples of ways to at least break into the news cycle. So McGann's annual index emphasizes innovation among the world's think tanks in areas such as use of the Internet and social media, as well as developing new paradigms for their research work.

One conclusion McGann draws about think tanks' future prospects might qualify as what journalists would call a “buried lead”: death by big data. He writes: “Big data, which involves the collection and analysis of massive amounts of information to pinpoint critical data points and trends, may render think tanks and their staffs superfluous. This new analytic capability enabled by supercomputers, maybe the think tank of the future.”

In Foresight Signals' report on the index last year, we observed the prominence of future-oriented think tanks in several categories, and the latest index similarly acknowledges futurists' work, including:


  •          Brookings Institution retains the title of No. 1 think tank in the world. 
  •          Information Technology & Innovation Foundation is the top U.S. science and technology think tank, second globally to Germany's Max Planck Institute. ITIF was also ranked the 49th top think tank in the United States in 2015, as it was in 2014.
  •          Hudson Institute moves from 31st to 30th top think tank in the United States.
  •        The Millennium Project again places sixth for best new idea or paradigm; it also makes the list (42nd) for best quality assurance and integrity policies and procedures.
  •          Pew Research Center is praised for its innovative Fact Tank program, “written by experts who combine the rigorous research and quality storytelling.”
  •          RAND Corporation drops from seventh to eighth top think tank in the world and from sixth to seventh in the United States. Though RAND fell in most of the categories in which it is listed, it remains a multidisciplinary powerhouse.
  •         Resources for the Future remains the 34th top U.S. think tank and moves up one place, to 17th, for best new idea or paradigm.
  •          Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars surpasses RAND as the top think tank in transdisciplinary research and is listed as one of the “think tanks to watch.” Wilson rises from No. 10 to No. 9 worldwide, retaining the No. 5 spot among U.S. think tanks. 
  •          World Resources Institute retains its position from 2014 as the 15th top U.S. think tank, No. 1 in environmental policy, and No. 9 in transdisciplinary research.
  •          Worldwatch Institute also retains its 2014 positions as No. 35 in the United States and No. 3 in environmental policy.


Source: 2015 Global Go To Think Tank Index Report by James G. McGann. Think Tanks and Civil Societies Program, University of Pennsylvania. Note: a “Cheat Sheet” listing the top five think tanks in each ranked category is also available.

Signals: institutions, public policy, think tanks


Findings: How Youth View the Future


As each bright new generation of Americans stands poised to change the world, they seem to go through a phase in young adulthood of pessimism about the nation’s future. Now it’s the millennials who report the lowest levels of confidence—as did the Gen Xers and baby boomers in their late teens and early 20s, reports Pew Research Center.

In Pew’s November 2015 survey of Americans’ attitudes toward the government, just 37 percent of millennials said they had “a lot of confidence” in the U.S. future, compared with 45 percent of Gen Xers, 49 percent of boomers, and 56 percent of the silent generation; 20 years ago, Gen Xers were the pessimists, and 40 years ago, the boomers went through this crisis of confidence.

“This finding highlights one of the challenges of generational analysis, namely determining when differences among age cohorts are attributable to life stage rather than to a unique characteristic of a generation,” writes Pew research assistant Samantha Smith.

Reference:  Beyond Distrust: How Americans View Their Government, Pew Research Center, November 15, 2015.

Signals: attitudes, demographics, generations, government, optimism, pessimism


Analysis: Preparing Tomorrow’s Workforce


When is a low unemployment rate bad news? When workers have given up for various reasons, including lacking skills to attain well-paying jobs, says workplace consultant Edward Gordon, principal of Imperial Consulting Corp.

In January, the U.S. unemployment rate was 4.9 percent, but, Gordon writes, “95 million Americans have given up looking for a job. Of these, 45 million are capable of being employed, including 6 million retirees who still want to work. Also there are 20 million people working part-time who are seeking full-time employment.”

As society and the economy have advanced technologically over the last decades, workers have not attained the high skills they need to stay employed satisfactorily, Gordon writes. And this talent gap is costly for employers with vacancies to fill. As Gordon quotes one CEO, “We're spending more money on finding good people than we ever have. What we used to do to find customers, we're now doing to find workers.”

Gordon advocates public-private partnerships that increase investment in local education and training, noting that the need for higher-level skills will only intensify in the future.

Source: “The Undereducated Workforce: Plenty of Jobs—Too Few Workers,” The Gordon Report, February 2016. Download PDF.

Signals: employment, skills, talent, training, workplace


Revival: h+ Magazine’s Future Day


Transhumanists and other fans of h+ (Humanity Plus) Magazine may have wondered at the brief suspension of publication at the end of 2015. The publishers announced on March 1 (Future Day) that h+ is in the process of reinvention as a weekly rather than daily digital journal. “Here in the early 21st century,” writes Peter Rothman, “the idea of what a magazine is or might be is a bit unclear. It seemed therefore to be time to reassess both the form and format of what we were doing and re-envision the future of h+ magazine or whatever it might become.” Details: Future Day 2016: The Return of h+ Magazine,” Humanity+ Media, March 1, 2016.

Speaking of Future Day, a variety of events were held around the world on March 1 to celebrate, discuss, debate, and otherwise think ahead. Details: Future Day Events 2016.




In Memoriam: Richard Spady


Seattle futurist and business man Richard Spady, president of the Forum Foundation and founder of the Stuart C. Dodd Institute for Social Innovation, died January 10 at the age of 92.

Spady was “a social pioneer in civic communications and religious innovation,” said Jay Gary, president of the World Network of Religious Futurists, in which Spady was an active participant. “He will be remembered by his colleagues from WNRF as a committed lay leader of the United Methodist Church, the inventor of the Fast Forum(r) technique for civic education, and the patron of religious futures research undertaken by Dr. Richard Kirby, past chairman of the network.

Spady also was a longtime supporter of the World Future Society and its activities.

“Anyone who came into the orbit of Dick Spady never forgot his enthusiasm for symbolic dialogue and citizen skills,” said Gary. “WNRF is glad his work will continue by his family through the Forum Foundation and National Dialogue Network.”

Read: obituary Seattle Times, January 12, 2016.

__________

Send us your signals! News about your work and other tips are welcome, as is feedback on Foresight Signals. Contact Cynthia G. Wagner, consulting editor. 

Want more signals from AAI Foresight? Check out the blog! Log in to add comments.

Feel free to share Foresight Signals with your networks and to submit any stories, tips, or “signals” of trends emerging on the horizon that we can share with other stakeholders and the foresight community.

__________

© 2016 AAI Foresight

Foresight Signals is a publication of AAI Foresight

1619 Main Street, #1172
Freeland, WA 98249

Managing Principal: Timothy C. Mack
tcmack333@gmail.com | 202-431-1652

Webmaster and IT Consultant: Tom Warner

Consulting Editor: Cynthia G. Wagner

Designer: Lisa Mathias