Showing posts with label utilities. Show all posts
Showing posts with label utilities. Show all posts

Sunday, January 31, 2016

Foresight Signals: End of Coal? ... "Planetary Futurist" ... WFS Transition ... and more



News for the Foresight Community


> Hot Topic: The End of Coal?
> Futurists in the News: Alex Steffen
> Publications: Lifeboat Books
> In Transition: World Future Society
> In Memoriam: Maurice Strong
> Blog Report: Self-Driving Cars and Wild Nature


Hot Topic: The End of Coal?


About a dozen years ago, energy policy analyst Barbara Freese warned in her groundbreaking book, Coal: A Human History, that our use of coal would one day be condemned by future generations and that all of coal’s contributions to the industrial development we’ve come to enjoy and take for granted would be overshadowed by the predicted drastic climate changes.

While responses to Freese’s recommendation that “we move quickly and aggressively toward climate-friendly energy sources” have arguably been neither quick nor aggressive, signs of the end of our dependence on coal (and our vulnerability to its unhealthy impacts) are emerging.

Recent data from the Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis show that China’s slowing economy and its move away from heavy industry toward services are dragging down demand for coal; both domestic coal production and imports have declined, and the government has announced it “will not approve any new coal mine projects for the next three years and will close down a thousand small mines,” reports Tim Buckley, IEEFA’s director of energy finance studies, Australasia. As a result, “China’s total country emissions are on track to peak potentially a decade earlier than their official target of no later than 2030.” Meanwhile, China is ramping up its investments in wind, solar, hydro, and nuclear production.

In the United States, where renewable and efficient energy investment is about half that of China ($56 billion in 2015 versus China’s $110 billion), coal is nevertheless on a downward trend, with “a 10 percent year-over-year decline in coal consumption in 2015 (and down already a staggering 29.7 percent so far in 2016) in addition to a three-year moratorium of new federal coal leases,” Buckley reports.

As one sign of the times, utilities in Oregon have agreed to phase out coal-fired plants by 2030 and to double the amount of renewable energy they generate by 2040. The measures are popular with Oregon voters—and have united some seemingly unlikely partners, Pacific Power spokesman Scott Bolton told Oregon Public Broadcasting. “Some of these folks we’ve never worked with before, so it is actually exciting to find some common interests,” he said. “You don’t see PacifiCorp and Sierra Club on the same letterhead very often.”

References: Coal: A Human History by Barbara Freese (Penguin, 2003).

Data Bite: China Continues to Drive Global Markets Lower” by Tim Buckley, Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis, January 18, 2016.

Oregon Utilities Agree to Phase Out Coal-Fired Power” by Cassandra Profita, OPB/EarthFix, January 6, 2016.

Image: Steve Buissinne / Pixabay (Creative Commons license)

Signals: alternative energy, China, climate change, coal, Oregon, utilities


Futurists in the News: Alex Steffen


“Planetary futurist” Alex Steffen, author of Worldchanging and Carbon Zero, was one of a handful of non-tech innovators in the San Francisco Bay area profiled on the blog The Bold Italic. (Also profiled for the piece were a chef, a distiller, and a singer.) The article describes Steffen’s work as “environmentalism to the core but goes beyond, requiring a complete rethinking of how humanity engages with the environment” and Steffen as the kind of innovator needed “to guide us through the hazy, tough road ahead.” Read:Four Standout Bay Area Innovators Who Aren’t in Technology” by Ronny Kerr, The Bold Italic, January 15, 2016.


Publications: Lifeboat Books


The Lifeboat Foundation published three new books of fiction and nonfiction at the end of 2015. Visions of the Future, edited by J. Daniel Batt, features stories and essays on artificial intelligence, androids, life extension, and more, including contributions from Ray Kurzweil, David Brin, and Martin Rees. Prospects for Human Survival, by theoretical physicist Willard Wells, argues that technological advances may be accelerating faster than our ability to control them, suggesting that humanity should develop friendly superhuman AI as quickly as possible. The third edition of The Human Race to the Future: What Could Happen—and What to Do by Daniel Berleant also was released. Details: Lifeboat Foundation Books.




In Transition: World Future Society


In a recent announcement to members, World Future Society board chair and Interim Executive Director Julie Friedman Steele said she would be conducting a listening tour over the next few weeks to share thoughts on the future direction of the Society. With the endorsement of founder Edward Cornish and his family, WFS will hold its 2016 annual meeting July 22-24 in Washington, D.C. The conference will take the form of a summit and celebration of the Society’s 50th anniversary. WFS headquarters are now at 1875 Connecticut Ave., N.W., 10th Floor, Washington, D.C. 20009. Download FAQs and profiles of Steele and the current WFS board of directors (PDFs).


In Memoriam: Maurice Strong


Maurice F. Strong, secretary general of the UN Conference on Environment and Development, died November 30 at the age of 86. Perhaps best known as the organizer of the 1992 Rio Earth Summit, Strong was a longtime World Future Society board member and was on the Society’s Global Advisory Council through 2014. He shared his thoughts on “Reforming the United Nations” in the September-October 2001 issue of The Futurist.

“Maurice Strong was a unique voice at the World Future Society, with senior leadership experience in both the Canadian power industry and UN environmental programs, thus bridging the gap between public and private,” said former WFS President Timothy Mack, managing principal of AAI Foresight. “He also advised the UN on such delicate matters as the Korean Peninsula and China’s changing role in the world (living in Beijing for many years). He was consulted right up until his death as an expert on multilateralism and peaceful resolution of conflicts and enjoyed a high profile in the Rio and Rio+20 world environmental conferences. Strong was instrumental in promoting government funding and entry into international meetings for environmental NGOs for over 40 years.”


Blog Report: Self-Driving Cars and Wild Nature


As autonomous and semiautonomous vehicles gain powers and popularity, one potential impact has received scant attention. In his latest blog for AAI Foresight, environmental futurist David N. Bengston warns that proponents need to look beyond the first-order effects of these technologies.

“Natural systems near roads are degraded by an increased abundance of invasive species, reduced carbon sequestration, severed wildlife corridors, and spillover effects as people clear newly accessible forests and drain wetlands,” Bengston writes.

Read:Self-Driving Cars and Wild Nature” by David N. Bengston, Foresight Signals Blog (January 2016).

Signals: automobiles, highways, nature, self-driving cars, sprawl, wilderness

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Send us your signals! News about your work and other tips are welcome, as is feedback on Foresight Signals. Contact Cynthia G. Wagner, consulting editor. 

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Feel free to share Foresight Signals with your networks and to submit any stories, tips, or “signals” of trends emerging on the horizon that we can share with other stakeholders and the foresight community.

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© 2016 AAI Foresight

Foresight Signals is a publication of AAI Foresight

1619 Main Street, #1172
Freeland, WA 98249

Managing Principal: Timothy C. Mack
tcmack333@gmail.com | 202-431-1652

Webmaster and IT Consultant: Tom Warner

Consulting Editor: Cynthia G. Wagner

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Sunday, March 29, 2015

Signals: The Consequences of Adaptation... and more

Vol. 1, No. 11 | April 1, 2015 | AAI Foresight

Inside Foresight Signals

> Adaptation and Its Consequences
> From Natural Gas to Biogas
> Contingency Exercises Urged for Power Companies
> Nanotech and Cancer: Report from Timothy C. Mack
> News for the Foresight Community


Adaptation and Its Consequences


The efforts that societies put into adapting to climate change may in themselves put even more pressure on the environment, warns a study led by Carlo Fezzi of the University of East Anglia’s School of Environmental Sciences.

The researchers used computer models based on data since the 1970s to predict how climate change would alter agricultural practices in Britain, and how those changes would in turn affect river water quality. They found that, though moderate increases in temperature could boost agricultural productivity and allow for more livestock in the eastern uplands and midlands, the increased intensity in farming and herding would generate more runoff of nitrates and phosphates in rivers and streams.

Similarly, other industries that are forced to adapt to climate change, such as energy, forestry, fisheries, and even health services, will also have to beware of the “knock on” effects of adaptation, the researchers warn.

“We need to take into account not only the direct impact of climate change, but also how people will respond to such change—the impact of adaptation,” Fezzi said in a press statement. “Climate change is a long-term process and science allows us to anticipate its impact on both the environment and society. This should encourage the development of forward-looking policies.”

Source: University of East Anglia. Reference: Carlo Fezzi et al., “The environmental impact of climate change adaptation on land use and water quality,” Nature Climate Change (March 2015), pp. 255-260. DOI: 10.1038/nclimate2525. Image: Graeme Law, via Flickr (Creative Commons license).

Signals: adaptation, agriculture, climate change


From Natural Gas to Biogas


Pilgrim’s, a chicken-processing plant in Mexico, has been able to purify fats, waste, and other residues to produce a biogas capable of replacing natural gas as its energy source. And Xaquixe, a pottery and glass-art maker, has generated biogas from pig and cow manure, providing energy for its operations.

The two companies were participants in pilot projects to demonstrate techniques developed by Mexico’s Center for Research and Technological Development in Electrochemistry (CIDETEQ), in partnership with specialists from the University of Brandenburg in Germany.

The biogas generated is a mixture of methane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and water vapor, as well as potentially harmful compounds like hydrogen sulfide. As such, the biogas must be properly assessed and treated before it can be used.

Distillers of mescal, a liquor similar to tequila, may also benefit from the process, using biogas to replace firewood.

Details (in Spanish): Investigación y Desarrollo.

Signals: bioprocessing, energy, recycling


Contingency Exercises Urged for Power Companies


A hacking attack on a power distribution company isn’t just the IT department’s problem, and in a crisis, everyone needs to be prepared, warn Maria Line and Nils Brede Moe of the research consortium SINTEF.

In Norway, the power industry has been too “laid back,” despite experiencing the country’s first attack in the summer of 2014. Line and Moe observed contingency exercises with three power-distribution companies and found them largely unprepared for a variety of scenarios.

“One of the companies we talked to had an agreement simply to call and rely on its supplier if a crisis occurred,” Line said in a press statement. “And even then, the supplier didn't take part in the exercise.”

Based on their observations, Line and Moe recommend that as many employees as possible participate in contingency exercises, especially including upper management who would be the key decision makers if the call must be made to shut down a plant.

Frequent scenario exercises are also important, but the same exercises should not be repeated; rather, new contingencies must continually be imagined and prepared for, the researchers conclude.

Source: SINTEF via AlphaGalileo

Signals: emergency management, hackers, IT, power distribution, scenario planning, utilities


Nanotech and Cancer: Report from Timothy C. Mack


One of the most encouraging trends in medicine in recent years is the growth of systemic approaches to problem solving, such as in improving chemotherapy delivery in cancer treatment.

Historically, the challenge has been to target drugs accurately at cancer cells; the powerful drugs may often cause damage to surrounding healthy tissue. The body may also treat these medical interventions as intruders, attacking and disabling them through human immune mechanisms.

Recently, researchers have used nanotech to create protective vehicles and delivery mechanisms that now appear to overcome these obstacles. After delivering drugs to their targets, these vehicles dissolve in the high-acid cores of cancer tumors. As is often the case in new and converging technological developments, developments such as this are likely to further accelerate advances in related technology solutions. Read more.

Timothy C. Mack is managing principal of AAI Foresight Inc. This report is excerpted from the Foresight Signals blog. Image: Rhoda Baer, National Cancer Institute.

Signals: cancer, medicine, nanotechnology


News for the Foresight Community


• Honors: Young Futurists of 2015. Influential media company The Root has named 25 young African Americans to its 2015 Young Futurists list honoring social activism and academic and entrepreneurial achievements of students ages 16 to 22. Among this year’s honorees is Allyson Carpenter, 18, of Howard University, who became the youngest elected official in Washington, D.C. The Root covers news, opinion, and culture from an African American perspective.


 • Book: The Naked Future. Technology journalist Patrick Tucker’s 2014 book The Naked Future: What Happens in a World That Anticipates Your Every Move? is now out in paperback! (Current, 2015, $16.) The cloth edition released last year was named Amazon’s book of the month for March: “Tucker has penned a big data book that can be understood by both technophiles and luddites alike,” wrote Amazon reviewer Kevin Nguyen. And Ray Kurzweil, author of How to Create a Mind, called it “Thought-provoking, eye-opening, and highly entertaining.” Patrick Tucker is the technology reporter/editor with Defense One; follow him on Twitter, @DefTechPat.

 


• Petition: Open Letter on AI. The Boston-based Future of Life Institute has posted an open letter on research priorities for artificial intelligence, aiming to ensure “that increasingly capable AI systems are robust and beneficial.” Among the dozens of signatories to the letter are theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking, SpaceX and Tesla Motors founder Elon Musk, Google research director Peter Norvig, philosophy professor Nick Bostrom, io9 contributing editor George Dvorsky, and science-fiction author David Brin. Details: Future of Life. Download PDF: Research Priorities for Robust and Beneficial Artificial Intelligence.

• Signal of the Month: DEAL. The jobs outlook in the United States faces a new DEAL: the combined forces of Demographics, Education, Automation, and Longevity (The Gordon Report, March 2015). Baby boomers will be living longer, and they’ll need to be replaced in the workforce. If they wish to continue working, they’ll need appropriate training, as automation takes over many low-skill and middle-skill jobs. Signal courtesy of Edward E. Gordon, president of Imperial Consulting Corporation.



Send us your signals! News about your work and other tips are welcome. Contact Cynthia G. Wagner, consulting editor.  

Want more signals from AAI Foresight? Check out the blog! Log in to add comments.

Feel free to share Foresight Signals with your networks and to submit any stories, tips, or “signals” of trends emerging on the horizon that we can share with other stakeholders and the foresight community. And if you’re interested in becoming a blogger for FS, please contact Cindy Wagner, our consulting editor, at CynthiaGWagner@gmail.com



© 2015 AAI Foresight

Foresight Signals is a publication of AAI Foresight

1619 Main Street #1172
Freeland, WA 98249

Managing Principal: Timothy C. Mack
tcmack333@gmail.com | 202-431-1652

Webmaster and IT Consultant: Tom Warner

Consulting Editor: Cynthia G. Wagner

Designer: Lisa Mathias



Friday, February 6, 2015

The Solar Power Industry and Its Growing Pains

By Timothy C. Mack

The Kauai Island Utility Cooperative in the Hawaiian Islands would seem to be the poster child for the increasing market penetration of solar power. KIUC has quintupled utility-scale solar capacity over the past year and soon may approach 80% of peak power generation for solar on the island, as MIT Technology Review contributing editor Peter Fairley recently reported.

However, the path to the cutting edge has not been an easy one, underlining that basic futurist warning not to overlook the unintended consequences and systemic weak spots of technological innovation.

KIUC’s growth-related problems are grounded in that perennial challenge of renewable energy, the curse of power fluctuation, Fairley notes. Even in high sun-day settings like Hawaii, there are always a few clouds that pass by, sending power outputs dropping in less than a minute by 70% to 80%. The result is alternating current (AC) levels that fall below 60 hertz, which may damage customer equipment or even trigger a local blackout.

Naturally, utilities have installed diesel or gasoline-fired generators to take up that frequency droop, as well as large battery banks. But those generators ultimately wear out from frequent heavy use. They also pump petro-carbons into the atmosphere while continuing to consume petroleum, instead of largely replacing them with clean, renewable power.

On the battery side, the 4.5 megawatt bursts of replacement power needed to offset AC disruptions soon wore KIUC’s lead-acid battery banks out: They failed in one-quarter of the lifetime promised by the supplier. As Fairley reports, the utility is trying again with lithium-ion batteries, which are now rated for four to six times as many cycles and can absorb any excess solar power generation that might occur.

Judging from the subsequent (and related) bankruptcy of KIUC’s initial battery supplier, it is clear that performance projections for new applications are always an iffy business.

Note: It appears that foresight tools will always have a useful role in accurate technology assessment and adoption analysis, especially concerning the systemic impacts of new technology applications in new settings and configurations. In this case, the economic imperative to meet local energy needs on one side, and to make sales quotas on the other, led development partners to underestimate the challenges of such a massive conversion to renewables.

Balancing of normative optimism about desired outcomes with realistic assessment of possible shortfalls is essential for effective technology upgrades, and the cross-assessment of opportunities and potential threats is a central part of responsible foresight.

Timothy C. Mack is managing principal of AAI Foresight Inc.